Salary & Licensing · Updated May 2026
Electrician salary by state
What electricians earn in every state — median pay and the real 10th-to-90th percentile range — plus the part most salary pages skip: licensing requirements, reciprocity, the taxes you may owe on your work, and the gotchas that trip people up.
Key facts
- National median wage: $63,190 (mean $71,490); the range runs from under $42,640 (10th percentile) to over $108,510 (90th) — BLS, May 2025.
- Highest-paying: Oregon, Illinois, Hawaii, Washington, and Alaska (medians ~$89,000–$101,000). Lowest: Arkansas, Alabama, and North Carolina (~$49,000–$57,000).
- Licensing varies hugely. Most states require a journeyman/master license — but Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, New York, Arizona, and Nevada have no statewide license and defer to local jurisdictions.
- Taxes are a trap: four states (HI, NM, SD, WV) tax services by default, and many others tax repair work but not real-property improvements.
National pay range
A single figure hides a wide spread. Nationally, electrician pay ranges like this (BLS, May 2025) — driven by experience, license level, specialty, region, and whether you own the business:
| Percentile | Annual wage |
|---|---|
| Bottom 10% | $42,640 |
| 25th percentile | $49,430 |
| Median (50th) | $63,190 |
| 75th percentile | $83,940 |
| Top 10% | $108,510 |
Mean (average) wage: $71,490. Source: BLS OEWS, May 2025 (national).
Electrician salary by state
Median annual wage with the actual 10th–90th percentile range, highest to lowest. National median: $63,190.
| Rank | State | Median | 10th–90th range |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Oregon | $101,310 | $59,550 – $131,530 |
| 2 | Illinois | $99,560 | $49,240 – $123,660 |
| 3 | Hawaii | $96,460 | $45,730 – $124,590 |
| 4 | Washington | $95,220 | $52,170 – $133,950 |
| 5 | Alaska | $89,440 | $58,420 – $123,200 |
| 6 | Massachusetts | $79,420 | $46,990 – $128,210 |
| 7 | District of Columbia | $78,970 | $51,950 – $125,790 |
| 8 | New York | $78,750 | $45,740 – $131,640 |
| 9 | Minnesota | $78,160 | $47,480 – $118,820 |
| 10 | Connecticut | $77,540 | $47,680 – $104,280 |
| 11 | New Jersey | $77,250 | $48,570 – $130,860 |
| 12 | Montana | $76,760 | $49,130 – $89,510 |
| 13 | Wisconsin | $76,540 | $44,830 – $101,770 |
| 14 | Michigan | $76,270 | $42,980 – $103,120 |
| 15 | California | $76,160 | $46,800 – $140,340 |
| 16 | Wyoming | $76,120 | $48,240 – $104,000 |
| 17 | Maine | $75,380 | $54,180 – $115,720 |
| 18 | Rhode Island | $74,090 | $42,990 – $102,840 |
| 19 | Nevada | $73,570 | $46,110 – $121,200 |
| 20 | Maryland | $73,490 | $46,450 – $118,370 |
| 21 | Indiana | $68,490 | $43,190 – $99,310 |
| 22 | Pennsylvania | $67,600 | $45,600 – $122,620 |
| 23 | Kansas | $65,860 | $42,660 – $96,830 |
| 24 | North Dakota | $65,710 | $46,440 – $101,020 |
| 25 | Missouri | $65,410 | $43,860 – $104,060 |
| 26 | West Virginia | $64,810 | $43,620 – $95,140 |
| 27 | Ohio | $64,700 | $40,750 – $99,280 |
| 28 | Delaware | $63,700 | $38,280 – $105,340 |
| 29 | Vermont | $63,430 | $47,470 – $132,080 |
| 30 | Idaho | $63,000 | $38,830 – $95,470 |
| 31 | Virginia | $62,900 | $40,780 – $105,720 |
| 32 | New Hampshire | $62,840 | $43,190 – $91,850 |
| 33 | Colorado | $62,230 | $45,520 – $94,160 |
| 34 | Utah | $62,000 | $39,940 – $89,110 |
| 35 | Louisiana | $61,540 | $38,750 – $81,810 |
| 36 | South Dakota | $61,390 | $44,320 – $80,060 |
| 37 | Tennessee | $61,090 | $39,600 – $92,160 |
| 38 | Arizona | $61,060 | $45,540 – $89,600 |
| 39 | Oklahoma | $61,010 | $37,900 – $92,740 |
| 40 | Iowa | $60,860 | $39,770 – $89,480 |
| 41 | Mississippi | $60,860 | $38,200 – $76,540 |
| 42 | Nebraska | $60,820 | $40,400 – $94,040 |
| 43 | Kentucky | $59,720 | $37,110 – $85,260 |
| 44 | South Carolina | $58,740 | $44,330 – $77,800 |
| 45 | Texas | $58,570 | $37,920 – $80,300 |
| 46 | New Mexico | $58,390 | $36,650 – $86,830 |
| 47 | Georgia | $58,320 | $37,180 – $84,000 |
| 48 | Florida | $57,250 | $38,190 – $77,180 |
| 49 | North Carolina | $56,800 | $40,130 – $75,060 |
| 50 | Alabama | $55,690 | $37,640 – $78,230 |
| 51 | Arkansas | $49,070 | $34,910 – $74,460 |
Source: BLS Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics (OEWS), May 2025, extracted via the BLS public API. Median and 10th/90th-percentile annual wages are actual BLS values per state. Figures aren't cost-of-living adjusted — many top-paying states are also high-cost — and self-employed electricians aren't included.
Licensing requirements by state
Electrician licensing is set at the state level and varies widely. Most states license in tiers — apprentice → journeyman → master electrician — with each step requiring documented experience (journeyman often needs ~4 years / ~8,000 hours) plus a passed exam. Master and contractor levels usually add a business/law exam, a surety bond, and insurance.
But several states have no statewide electrician license and defer wholly or partly to local jurisdictions. In these states you'll usually still need a city or county license:
- Arizona (varies by locality)
- Illinois (local jurisdictions)
- Indiana (local)
- Kansas (local; some municipalities require)
- Louisiana (no residential license; commercial work over $10,000 needs a contractor license)
- Missouri (local/municipal)
- Nevada (no statewide journeyman/master, but Reno and Las Vegas license)
- New York (licensed at the local level)
Reciprocity: about a third of states recognize an out-of-state license, usually through regional compacts — for example the Southeast (AL, GA, MS, NC, SC, TN), the Mid-Atlantic (MD, VA, WV), and bilateral deals like Utah–Colorado. Accepted license levels and required hours differ, so confirm with the destination state's board. Requirements change often — always verify with your state electrical board (and your city/county) before bidding work.
Do you charge sales tax on electrical work?
This is where a lot of electricians get caught. Whether your labor is taxable depends on the state and the job:
- Hawaii, New Mexico, South Dakota, and West Virginia tax services by default — labor is generally taxable.
- New York taxes repair, maintenance, and installation work (labor and materials).
- Texas exempts labor on residential real-property repair/remodel, but taxes commercial work in full.
- Arizona taxes "prime contracting" (new construction / major modification) gross receipts including labor, but not smaller repair/maintenance labor.
- Many states draw the line at real-property improvement (often the contractor pays tax on materials) vs. repair of tangible property (often taxed to the customer).
This is general information, not tax advice. Confirm the rules with your state revenue department.
Other gotchas
- A contractor/business license is usually separate from your electrical license — you may need both to run jobs.
- Most jurisdictions require a surety bond and liability insurance before you can pull permits.
- Permits and inspections are required for most work, and pulling them typically requires a licensed master or licensed contractor.
- Continuing education is required to renew a license in many states.
- "No state license" does not mean no license — local rules still apply, and they vary city to city.
Salary vs. what you can charge
One critical caveat: these are employee wages — BLS doesn't survey the self-employed. If you run your own shop, your take-home depends on what you charge and how many hours you actually bill, which is usually higher than the employee median but only if you price correctly. Work out the rate you need with the free hourly rate calculator.
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Methodology & sources
All wage figures — national and per-state median, 10th, and 90th percentiles — are from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program, May 2025, extracted via the BLS public API. Figures aren't cost-of-living adjusted, and self-employed workers are excluded. Licensing and reciprocity details are compiled from NECA, state licensing boards, and industry guides; tax treatment from state revenue departments. Rules change frequently — verify with the relevant state board and revenue department. Not legal or tax advice.
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